Treating Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Scientists have not found a cure for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first drug treatment for ALS, which is called riluzole (Rilutek®). Riluzole is believed to reduce damage to motor neurons and prolong survival by several months (mainly in those with difficulty swallowing).
Other treatments for ALS are designed to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life. Drugs are also available to help individuals with:
Individuals with ALS may eventually consider forms of mechanical ventilation (respirators).
Prognosis With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Regardless of the part of the body that is first affected by ALS, muscle weakness and atrophy spread to other parts of the body as the disease progresses. Individuals with ALS will have increasing difficulties with moving, swallowing, and speaking or forming words.
Eventually, people with ALS will not be able to:
- Stand or walk
- Get in or out of bed on their own
- Use their hands and arms.
In later stages of ALS, individuals will have difficulty breathing as the muscles of the respiratory system weaken. Although ventilation support can ease problems with breathing and prolong survival, it will not affect the progression of ALS.
Most people with ALS will die from respiratory failure within 3 to 5 years from the start of their ALS symptoms. However, about 10 percent of patients with ALS will survive for 10 or more years.
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